List of top 5 tallest buildings and structures in the world

These are lists of skycrapers, ranked by

• structural height (vertical elevation from the base to the highest architectural or integral structural element of the building);
• highest point on the building.

These lists only include buildings that:

• are completed or topped-out, and
• have continuous capable floors (high-rise building).

The non-profit, international organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) was formed in 1969 and announces the title of "The Worlds Tallest Building" and sets the standards by which buildings are measured. It maintains a list of the 100 tallest completed buildings in the world. The council currently ranks Burj Khalifa as the tallest at 828 m (2,717 ft). The CTBUH only recognizes buildings that are complete, however, and some buildings listed within these list articles are not considered complete by the CTBUH.

In 1996, as a response to the dispute as to whether the Petronas Towers or the Willis Tower was taller, the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories:

• height of structural or architectural top
• height of highest occupied floor
• height to the top of roof (removed as category November 2009)
• height to top of any part of the building.

This naturally hurts the rankings of buildings without spires, or with antennas instead of spires. The most famous such discrepancy is that Petronas Towers, with their spires, are ranked higher than the Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roofs and lower highest points (of spire/antenna).

Tallest skyscrapers by architectural detail (top 5)

1. Burj Khalifa at Dubai, UAE
2. Taipei IOI at Taipei, Taiwan
3. Shanghai World Financial Center at Shanghai, China
4. International Commerce Centre at Kowloon, Hong Kong
5. Petronas Twin Towers at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

BURJ KHALIFA


Also known as a tallest building in the world.

General information
Location	Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Status	Complete
Groundbreaking	January 2004
Constructed	2004-2010
Opening	4 January 2010
Use	Mixed-use
Height
Roof	828 m (2,717 ft)
Top floor	621.3 m (2,038 ft)
Technical details
Floor count	160 habitable floors plus 46 maintenance levels in the spire and 2 parking levels in the basement
Floor area	464,511 m2 (5,000,000 sq ft)
Cost	$1.5 billion

TAIPEI IOI Was the world's tallest building from 2004 to 2010
General information Location Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan Status Complete Constructed 1999-2004 Use Mixed use: communication, conference, fitness center, library, observation, office, restaurant, retail Height Antenna or spire 509.2 m (1,670.6 ft) Roof 449.2 m (1,473.8 ft) Top floor 439.2 m (1,440.9 ft) Technical details Floor count 101 Floor area 412,500 m2 (4,440,100 sq ft) Elevators 61 Toshiba/KONE elevators, including double-deck shuttles and 2 high speed observatory elevators) Cost NT$ 58 billion (USD $ 1.76 billion) Companies involved Architect(s) C.Y. Lee & partners Structural engineer Thornton Tomasetti Contractor Samsung C&T, KTRT Joint Venture Owner Taipei Financial Center Corp. Management Urban Retail Properties Co.
SHANGHAI WORLD FINANCIAL CE NTER Kohn Pedersen Fox General information Location Shanghai, China Status Complete Constructed 1997 – 2008 Opening August 28, 2008 Use Office, hotel, museum, observation, parking garage, retail Height Antenna or spire 494.4 m (1,622.0 ft) / 4 92.0 m (1,614.2 ft) Roof 487.4 m (1,599.1 ft) Top floor 474.0 m (1,555.1 ft) Technical details Floor count 101 Floor area 381,600 m2 (4,107,500 sq ft) Elevators 91 Cost RMB ¥ 8.17 billion (USD $ 1.20 billion) Companies involved Architect(s) Structural engineer Leslie E. Robertson Associates RLLP Contractor China State Construction Engineering Corp. and Shanghai Construction (Group) General Co. Developer Mori Building Co.
INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE CENTRE General information Location Hong Kong Status Topped-Out Groundbreaking 2002 Estimated completion 2010 Opening 2010 Use Hotel, observation, office, parking garage, retail Height Roof 484.0 m (1,587.9 ft) Top floor 476.0 m (1,561.7 ft) Technical details Floor count 118 Floor area 262,176 m2 (2,822,039 sq ft) Elevators Passenger lifts 30 Shuttle lifts 14 VIP lifts 2 Companies involved Architect(s) Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd. Structural engineer Developer Sun Hung Kai Propert ies Management Kai Shing Management Services Limited
PETRONAS TWIN TOWERS General information Location Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Status Complete Constructed 1992–1998 Use Office Height Antenna or spire 451.9 m (1,482.6 ft) Roof 378.6 m (1,242.1 ft) Top floor 375.0 m (1,230.3 ft) Technical details Floor count 88 Floor area 395,000 m2 (4,252,000 sq ft) (1 & 2) Elevators 78 (1 & 2) Cost $ 1,6 billion Companies involved Architect(s) César Pelli, Mahathir bin Mohamad Structural engineer Thornton Tomasetti Contractor Tower1: Hazama Corporation Tower2: Samsung Engineering & Construction and Kukdong Engineering & Construction City Center: B.L. Harbert International Management KLCC

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